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Ideal Conditions If you try to grow mold or fungus (think: mushrooms), you will find that it generally takes at least 7 days under near-ideal conditions for a spore to reproduce to the point where...
@fygsin has this more or less correct, but to expand on the answer: This is long so TL:DR - In vitro = in glass - lab based measurements, not performed using real sunlight. Higher number = better ...
I just stumbled over an explanation of this in a ski review. According to this, the radius in use depends on where you put your pressure. If there is more pressure to the front it will use the long...
You probably should not use it any more. Old ropes seem to be surprisingly strong. A German mountaineering magazine made tests with old ropes. Of 14 tested ropes, 10 would still have been strong en...
In vitro refers to tests being done "in the glass", i.e. in petri dishes or test tubes under laboratory conditions. After some googling I come to the conclusion that it very likely refers to the wa...
No, it’s not worth the risk. Ropes aren’t that expensive and if it breaks you could hurt yourself.
Yes, there are bridges in wilderness areas, this one was in the Wind River Range for example. On there other hand, there are restrictions on the tools used in a wilderness area such as not allow...
Look for any type of line that is meant for running rigging on a sailboat. These lines are made to work with pulleys or block and tackle systems, they have very good strength with more than adequat...
Short answer: As soon as it's determined that continuing could run the risk of someone getting into trouble or sustaining an injury. We had to abandon a cave-surveying expedition this past summer...
Your description of white hair suggests something like dead Old Man Cactus (Cephalocereus senilis) individuals, or something of the same genus, Cephalocereus. I don't know how abnormal this locatio...
I believe it's close to impossible to draft a checklist that would work in every situation. The best recommendation I have (after 40 years of experience in mountaineering on 4 continents) is that y...
GREAT ARTICLE! However, it doesn't plainly answer the question, "Can elk distinguish hunter orange clothing, Yes or No?" In my career as a Park Ranger working hand-in-hand in support of the Game an...
The bow and arrow cast is also effective, you can't cast very far but that's generally ok when there is a lot of vegetation to hide behind
Canadian topographic maps are available here for viewing: https://atlas.gc.ca/toporama/en/index.html QGIS- a free and open source GIS software package is available for windows, Apple, and Linux. ...
A lot of it is just by doing it. Both species are quite low density, and the number of wild animal deaths/injuries are very small. Regions that are dangerous for bears are those where they are ve...
Another use of What3words are outdoor scavenger hunts or geocaching riddles. It is much easier to make riddles that have certain words as a solution rather than numbers. You can use it for a chil...
If you're already hiking, I am not sure you'd gain by losing a certain degree of caution. I am not super comfortable hiking by myself around twilight in BC, due to cougars. I do it, if I have to,...
I'm going to go out on a limb and give a sort of non-TGO answer because it seems like you already know the answer and this is more psychological. So, my attempt is humor. If we look at the data (...
There are at least two companies that make cleaning and proofing products specially for outdoor gear of various materials: Nikwax and Grangers. They both recommend first pre-washing the item in the...
I believe key parts of your question concern both the size of the toe hole and the length of the pivoting, clawed sole plate. I suspect that an ideal adult snowshoe would come in different sizes, l...
You don't say what area of the world you are looking for maps of, but I see your profile locates you in Alberta. If you were looking for locations in the USA, mapper.acme.com tiles USGS topo maps a...
While water works and is precise, I strong suggest doing this outside or in the bathtub. A much easier way is to get a bag of packing peanuts, either by scrounging from your local receiving depa...
Professional use These devices are intended for professional rope work. When doing rope access work, there are typically two ropes involved. One is the working line which is loaded with the worker...
This kind of device is rarely used in sports as it is only useful when used with fixed ropes. You mentioned crevasses: The rope is not fixed here and you are tied in, so it is hard to image how suc...
Fossil hunting It depends what you want out of your expedition, and if hunting fossils in far flung places is your thing then a geological map will take you a long way. https://www.bgs.ac.uk/igeo...
