How do you decide on a climbing grade?
Rock climbing and bouldering tours are classified e.g.
- Sierra from 5.2 to 5.15c or
- Fontainbleau 2 to 8c+.
As you advance in your climbing experience you achieve higher grades and learn new movements, new aspects of already known skills and new combinations of them. Moreover, there are route setter certifications for local, national and international level and a proper organization e.g. (http://www.routesettingassociation.org/)
When a route setter creates a new route with a wished level e.g. FB 6c+ - he or she probably has some movements and some skills in mind.
Where does the route setter know from which movements capabilities and skills are assigned to each grade?
Are there some general catalogues / guidelines which movements or skills are necessary to master a certain grade?
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Where does the route setter know from which movements capabilities and skills are assigned to each grade?
He doesn't. Skills != grade. Grade is a measure of difficulty.
You may find you prefer a particular type of climbing (say slabs or ones involving dynamic moves, etc). you have good skills in this area. This can make climbs of that style easier for you. But grades should ignore this fact. That's why it's better to get a range of opinions when grading.
Are there some general catalogues / guidelines which movements or skills are necessary to master a certain grade?
No, grading is a subjective process. It's more art than science. There is no rules that say all v3s must be overhanging and use x size holds. It's purely down to how the route is set. Routes have different characteristics, these can make a climb more difficult or easier, but the route and characteristics of a climb are secondary to the grade. The grade purely exists to add a figure to the difficulty of the climb. i.e. a severely overhanging climb can be easy if it uses large well spaced holds or very difficult if it uses smaller difficult to reach holds.
Moreover, there are route setter certifications for local, national and international level and a proper organization
Route setting and grading is different. You may set a route at 5.2 but following feedback you may change it's grade. It's common in indoor gyms to have a route feedback form. Outdoors route grades can and do change.
Also bear in mind a grade is typically a grade of the hardest one(or more) moves on a single climb. If 90% of the moves on a climb are 5+ but one move is 6a, the climb is graded 6a as that is the hardest part.
I'm going to reiterate some of the answer from Rating unorthodox climbs. This is a different question but the answer is pretty much identical.
Rating climbs isn't really a tick box exercise, for a start their are multiple different grading systems all of which are slightly different.
You cannot say:
well it's at x angle and the hand holds are y size therefore it's w
There are a number of different challenges to grading climbs:
- Climbing grades are a rule of thumb and are open to interpretation.
- They are a measure of how hard it is to climb. Different people find different aspects of climbing more or less difficult so it is always open to interpretation.
- Indoor grades are often very different to outdoor grades, bouldering gardes are very different to Trad grades, etc, etc.
- Grades tend to overlap so there is very little difference between a
5.9and a5.10a- Height of climb, length of pitches, rock type, all need to be included in the grade. This makes comparing grades in different areas difficult.
This is to the point that when a new climb is "put up" the grade that the first climber gives it is a provisional one. This grade needs to be confirmed by one or more climbers before it is accepted.
The best way to grade a climb is to gain experience of climbing well know climbs that the grade is well known and accepted. Then when you want to grade something that you don't know the grade for you need to ask yourself (and others preferably) is this harder or easier than x and y climbs? How much harder or easier? What about w climb? etc.
You'll likely never get it 100% right, people argue over grades constantly. But the whole point is that it's impossible to get 100% right. It's a guide only. You may find a V1 that's easy or a completely different V1 that you find difficult.
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I was a route setter at a UK Wall for about 10 years and we used two primary methods alongside each other.
Experience of the route setter - before you started the route you would have a purpose, line and grade in mind based on the available hold color. If it was for a lead competition then the 'grading' is different to a party route in a top roping section. Next you have to look at the available line and other routes in that area. Lots of similar grades on the same section is not good in a busy wall as it causes queues. Likewise you don't really want a low grade route that crosses multiple lines in a busy wall as it takes up too much space. Lastly you look at the color of holds available that won't clash with other routes already set.
Now you can choreograph the route checking moves, clipping positions and trying to spot all the cheat bypasses and resting points.
Once you have set the route you get regulars to forerun the route. If you know your regulars you will be able to judge their performance on your new route against others they have climbed and grade accordingly. You might ask other setters or instructors to climb it and comment. Once you have a consensus it gets graded.
We use to have a comments book and that would get reviewed in case we needed to tweak a route either physically or grade based on feedback.
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