Are trekking poles proven to be helpful?

Here are some scientific papers, with my brief summaries.

Saunders MJ ; Hipp GR ; Wenos DL ; Deaton ML, "Trekking poles increase physiological responses to hiking without increased perceived exertion," J Strength Cond Res 2008 Sep; 22(5): 1468-74

Using trekking poles caused them to burn calories faster, as measured by VO2max. In other words, they make you less efficient, which is the opposite of what a lot of people seem to believe.

Bohne M ; Abendroth-Smith J, "Effects of hiking downhill using trekking poles while carrying external loads," Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007 Jan; 39(1): 177-83

Using trekking poles reduces strain on joints when going downhill.

Glyn Howatson et al., "Trekking Poles Reduce Exercise-Induced Muscle Injury during Mountain Walking," Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, published ahead of print, 13 May 2010, doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e4b649

Subjects reported less muscle soreness after climbing Mt Snowdon if they used trekking poles.

Summary: They make hiking less damaging to your body, but they increase exertion.

posted over 11 years ago

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Ben Crowell‭

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I've heard rumors of studies that show that trekking poles reduce the force on your legs during a hike (by transferring it to your arms). The only reference to a study I could find was this one, but I wouldn't know how to verify that the study was well constructed.

2010 UK Study

This showed about a 25% reduction in the strain on the leg muscles of hikers (measured by an analysis of chemicals in the muscle tissue, and also the precived amount of muscle soreness from the hikers). The hikers trekked up and down a mountain trail in the UK, so it seems like a fairly realistic test. The study measured exertion of muscles, not knee injuries, but I would assume that reducing muscle strain would also reduce overuse injuries.

My experience

My totally antectodal experience is that 100% of the people I know who hiked long distances on the Appalachian Trail (either through-hikers, or guys that hiked a long portion) used trekking poles, and swore by them. They claim the poles reduce the strain on their knees, let them hike faster, and made them a little more stable when descending a trail. This included one 60-ish hiker, for whatever that's worth.

Also, I have no way to back this up, but I would speculate that anything that made you more stable on your feet would reduce the risk of, say, slipping and tearing your ACL while descending a loose trail.

No Silver Bullets

Of course, if you're having knee problems while hiking, you should think of trekking poles as part of your strategy to address that. Other things may include, looking at your shoes, maybe losing weight (if you're overweight), maybe adding in some lite strength training and stretching for your legs, reducing pack weight, and maybe even picking less aggressive hiking goals.

posted over 11 years ago

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DavidR‭

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Trekking poles are a great helper if you have problems with your knees after a long march. A pain 'in knees' is usually a pain in the muscles around the knees, that are responsible for maintaining equilibrium. Those muscles are not very active if you walk on footpath, but in outdoors they are intensively used. With trekking poles, the equilibrium is maintained by providing additional fulcrum.

I can say with my experience, that using trekking poles have enabled me keeping pace with my comrades in mountains, which without poles were very hard for me, and additionally I had problems with knees.

But mention also, that using trekking poles will train your arm muscles, but will not train that muscles that are making problems by you. So you can become trekking-pole-dependent. After increasing my stamina with trekking poles, I've started to train walking without them, at begin in plains, than in mountains. Now I use them very seldom.

Also from my experience, trekking poles are decreasing fatigue of leg muscles, but increasing the fatigue of arm muscles, and overall you use more energy. I was able to increase distance walking without trekking poles. But if my knees are saying that they are too tired, I switch to trekking poles.

posted over 11 years ago

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Danubian Sailor‭

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I have recently hit 40 and have been using hiking sticks for the past five years.

When I began having problems with my knees, my doctor originally suggested the problem was with osteoarthritis. Doing a little bit of searching on the Internet suggested that hiking sticks would help so I purchased a pair. The reasoning was that it removed some stress/pressure from your knees and ankles by changing the way you carry your upper body weight. For every pound of weight above your knees, it translates to six pounds or so of pressure in your knees as you walk.

About the same time I began using hiking sticks, I decided to get into better shape for hiking at the gym. I worked with a trainer and took pilates and yoga classes.

For about three years, I had little problem with my knees. The combination of the hiking sticks and the additional exercise allowed me to nearly double my "comfortable" hiking distance from 8-10 miles to 15 miles with little to no knee pain.

Earlier this year, I began slacking off on my weight training. To my surprise, I began having trouble with my knees despite my continued use of the hiking sticks. On one particularly rough hike just two months ago, I was barely able to walk after seven miles.

Doing some more research, the strength of your knees has a large part to do with knee pain when hiking. I've started doing lunges and squats both at home and at the gym, and I'm much better off now. I just completed a 20 mile hike last weekend with only minor discomfort.

Don't get me wrong -- my hiking sticks will continue to go on every trip. They DO help by providing stability to your upper body on rough trails, taking a lot of stress off of your (possibly) weak knee muscles. This is especially true on rocky trails where your footing will cause your knee to work at odd angles.

posted about 10 years ago

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Jeff W‭

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I had similar problems and I used hiking poles for some time. I however discontinued the use of hiking poles as I like to have my hands free and I do not like the additional weight. What really matters for me is the stride, especially downhill. Imagine yourself to "sneak" through the country as opposed to "trudge" like a cow for example. Wearing light shoes helps: You can set down your toes first and absorb the shock from walking downhill for example. It does take some practice and some awareness. One of my sons had knee problems at 20 until he accepted his fathers advice and paid more attention to his stride.

posted about 10 years ago

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System‭

2019 reputation 180 537 246 0

There are people who swear by poles, and there are people hiking into their eighties without poles or knee trouble. Part of it is genetics, part of it is being intelligent about hiking. Poles may help with the symptoms, but wouldn't it be better not to cause the problems in the first place? If you're having knee problems, look at your pack weight. If your dry pack weight is high (say, 20+ pounds) work on reducing the weight. If you're not wearing the right shoe for long distance hiking (trail running shoes with a little padding) that's going to be hard on your knees.

Buy or borrow a copy of Trail Life and read through it. I read it a couple years after getting back into hiking, and making the changes outlined in older versions of this book made hiking much more fun. The author Ray Jardine and his wife have hiked tens of thousands of miles through-hiking the AT, the PCT, and the CDT, among others.

Trekking poles are extra weight, and therefore will require extra exertion. Furthermore, they're extra weight on a moving part of your body, just like shoes are, which further increases the importance of keeping them light. Fix the other issues first, if any, so that you're not just treating the symptoms instead of the cause.

posted over 11 years ago

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Don Branson‭

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