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Posts by Graham‭

35 posts
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Q&A How to carry water in freezing temperatures?

Another option is to keep your water bottle inside your jacket and use your body heat to prevent the water from freezing. Many mountaineering jackets have internal elasticated mesh pockets for this...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 8y ago by System‭

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Q&A How can you navigate without a compass or GPS

Basic celestial navigation: In the northern hemisphere, the star Polaris indicates north. In the southern hemisphere, you can use the Southern Cross, see Finding the south celestial pole.

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 12y ago by System‭

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Q&A What qualities to look for in a good emergency whistle?

The obvious thing to consider would be how loud the whistle is. The loudest I've found is the Lifesystems survival whistle which, at 122dB, claims to be "the world's most powerful whistle." I'm no...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A How long does water need to be boiled for to kill all bacteria / viruses?

This article (*) gives a good summary of the efficiency of boiling as a method for making water safe for consumption. In particular, Table 2 provides a summary of the temperature and time required ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Why tunnel tents for the poles, Geodesic for the mountains?

The key advantage of a geodesic design is the pole configuration can support a greater static load. This means they are favoured for mountaineering expeditions because they can withstand a heavy sn...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭

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Q&A Can any waterborne pathogens survive boiling?

This article (*) gives a good summary of the efficiency of boiling as a method for making water safe for consumption. In particular, Table 2 provides a summary of the temperature and time required ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 9y ago by System‭

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Q&A Sustainable systems for carrying out human waste

Use a biodegradable (e.g. cornstarch-based) bag to pick up waste and then pack it in a airtight container. For obvious reasons the container should only be used for that purpose and disinfected whe...

posted 11y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 8y ago by System‭

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Q&A Is the "Rule of 3" proven for food?

The rule of three may be a useful mnemonic to help prioritise or plan in a survival situation, but it is not necessarily going to be accurate. Survival without food is going to depend on many facto...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Do reusable "hand coolers" exist?

Instant ice packs, like this one, which are usually used for treating sprains and strains sound a bit like what you are looking for. They use a chemical reaction to cool, but, they are single use o...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Are there any reliable and/or easy to use "rule of thumb" guides for windchill calculations?

Personally, I would use a wind chill chart, e.g this keyring compass includes a wind chill chart that would be easy to carry. It's still not going to be accurate, but it would provide a guide when ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 11y ago by System‭

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Q&A First time camping, need advice

Ask specific questions here, or browse the other questions and answers! For your first time, try and make sure you have fun. The following may help: Check the weather forecast, avoid cold, wet, ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Are Personal Flotation Devices a good idea when rafting?

The instructions I've always heard are unequivocal - always wear a life vest. By all means make sure it fits well and lose straps are tucked away to minimise entanglement, but, when in a sport wher...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭

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Q&A What are areas of the body which lose heat more quickly, and how can I reduce that loss?

Heat loss can occur from anywhere on the body through a number of processes: Conduction e.g. when sitting on the ground. Convection e.g. due to wind chill. Radiation i.e. heat loss direct to the ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 8y ago by System‭

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Q&A Pain in the heel after a hike

What you describe sounds like the early symptoms of blisters, a few things you could try are: Are your shoes laced too tightly? If they are too tight over the instep, movement in your foot as you...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭

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Q&A What is the loop on the finger of my winter gloves for?

The loop allows the gloves to be hung, on a carabiner for example, such that the fingers point up preventing the gloves filling with rain or snow. For example, see the manufacturer's description o...

posted 10y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 10y ago by System‭

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Q&A Can the sheer existence of snow lead to dehydration?

I am assuming that, as you moved out of the snow field you were also descending, therefore, I think it is more likely you were experiencing altitude sickness and your symptoms reversed as you desce...

posted 11y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 11y ago by System‭

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Q&A For fording cold rivers, is there any special clothing (as opposed to makeshift bags or tightly connected raintrousers) to stay dry and warm?

These products may be what you are looking for, they are hip-height waterproof waders: NEOS River Trekker Overshoe Wiggy's Light Weight Waders

posted 11y ago by Graham‭

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Q&A How can I tell what time it is without a watch?

Given that the basis for defining time is based on the Earth's rotation and where the Sun is relative to a point on the Earth, it's going to be difficult to estimate the time without knowing where ...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A What happens to cams after climbing?

When using lead climbing techniques the lead climber is belayed by his partner and as he climbs he places protection (e.g. camming devices). Once at the top of the pitch, the lead climber then bela...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Prevent mosquito bites: insect repellent patch or just eat vitamin B1?

I appreciate the preference to use natural protection, however, I think it is important to point out that using insect repellent should not be the only method of defence against malaria that you em...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A How to tell if water is likely to have cryptosporidium?

As Cryptosporidium is passed in the faeces of animals, the more heavily the land is used by animals, the greater the risk of Cryptosporidium contamination in water sourced from that land. This art...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A Is it legal to collect firewood (to take away) from woods and forests in the UK?

All land in the UK is owned by somebody, therefore, all trees and their produce (including firewood) are owned by somebody. You could be charged with theft if you take logs, kindling etc. without p...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 13y ago by System‭

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Q&A How to deal with condensation in a tent?

If it's raining or very humid you are probably going to have to put up with some condensation, but to try and reduce it, look for ways to minimise water vapour and increase ventilation. The followi...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 6y ago by System‭

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Q&A How should I patch holes in a waterproof/breathable jacket?

If it doesn't need to be pretty, a cost effective option is spinnaker repair tape (nylon cloth tape, for example, see products on this page). It is designed for repairs to yacht sails so it is dura...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭

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Q&A What is a buff?

To be honest I was dubious about getting something that I thought was gimmicky, but my son’s Scout troop was selling custom Buffs to raise group funds so I ended up buying one. A Buff is just a tu...

posted 13y ago by Graham‭  ·  last activity 12y ago by System‭

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