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Basically, a lava tube is formed when a underground lava flow stops flowing, leaving behind a long tubular cave. A lava tube is a natural conduit formed by flowing lava which moves beneath the ...
use the backstep I don't know if that is the official name. It's what we called it. It's intuitive but it's incredibly effective to give you more reach. For supporting yourself on left foot an...
Sun will help, you can leave it in the sun taking care the whole affected area gets direct sun then, still outside, brush off all that is possible with a stiff brush. After that you can proceed to ...
A forest fire can definitely affect the rocks and cause hazards (in addition to the hazards in the forest). Hot burning fires destabilize rock. This can result in removal of rock coatings, fl...
Iron-on Be very careful of iron-on - nylon melts! You have to get the temperature right. I wouldn't be confident that the patch would hold as the rucksack flexes, though I guess that depends on th...
I can only answer this based on my own experience and my theory based on that. That is, that exhaling used to be difficult for me in conditions where inhaling is uncertain. When doing the crawl you...
I say you should always wear the gear that you already own and you are comfortable in instead of following some fashion trend. If you like your setup go for it. Beyond that I think there are some...
According to this Physics forum, altitude does not directly correlate with dew point. So it will greatly depend on the other atmospheric conditions which will very from one time to another. So not ...
Likely the reason was due to a momentary torpor. Similar to hibernation but sometimes only lasting as little as a few hours. When it is cold, there are less insects, which mean less food for the ba...
Given that it's not safe to be outside during a thunderstorm at all, and the showers were outside, the answer is clearly no. There's really not much more to be said. This is basic common sense th...
One of the basic principles of lightning safety is that you don't want to be the highest thing around and you don't want to be under something that is the highest thing around. For example only on...
So the answer is that the other person will almost definitely be able to hear the gunshot in the absence of background noise. Will it echo? That sounds like it would depend a lot on how much the wa...
From my experience in caves, I'd say you could expect the gunshot to reverberate for just a second or two in passages that are barely more than walking size. In larger passages, maybe longer. Aro...
There is no definitive answer at this time. There has been one well publicized lab study, Toxicopathological Effects of the Sunscreen UV Filter, Oxybenzone, behind a paywall. There was a lab &...
It turns out that gunshots can be used to map caves, The decade-long search might have gone a little differently, though, if soldiers had access to a new system that can use sound waves from a...
Compression sleeves work really well. In addition I would add stretches for your calves and arches. Carry lacrosse ball to roll out under your foot and lower leg muscles, especially if you get shin...
The Sea To Summit 'Wilderness Wash' bottles are by far the best. They have a squirt insert so don't drip and easier to control amounts. The insert comes out for filling and cleaning. The cap plugs ...
There are at least two lakes in Iran which are commonly used for ice skating during the winter. One is Lake Zarivar. From Wonderful Iranian Lakes: Located in the ancient city of Marivan in ...
Intro: You can get wet from sweat or wet from rain, or a combination. The waterproof breathables depend on the outside surface being not wet. So the outside layer has to shed water. This genera...
A pass is a natural way or low point which facilitate moving across a mountain without clumbing its full height whereas a col is the lowest point of a mountain ridge between two peaks.
Song sparrow? https://youtu.be/wdaE7eaayKM I am a western birder but that's what it sounds like to me. Out here they are usually found in wetter areas or in riparian habitat.
It is more about style than routes. The term "Sport climbing" generally (traditionally) refers to climbing (routes longer than boulder problems) in such a way that the climber only have to focus o...
I'd say slightly dangerous, and probably more dangerous than other locations. You wish to avoid two things in thunderstorms. Places that are higher than the local area (50m-ish area) and "electrica...
Edit: A comment pointed out that I didn't answer the question. Dry cotton is a good insulator, and most cotton t-shirts are thicker on average than synthetic shirts. A typical cotton tee in dry ...
Just to make sure it doesn't completely contradict my experience, I have made a quick google search and came up with exactly one incident between a human and an ibex - a dog was involved. In my ex...
